ENT-Throat infection-Pharyngitis

PHARYNGITIS

• pharyngitis is the inflammation of the pharynx which called core throat that can be acute or chronic due to causative factors affecting .
• It usually precedes illness of colds and flue that doesn't require antibiotics unless otherwise caused by bacterial infection because most disappear by their own in weeks or less.

CAUSATIVE AGENTS

• Bacteria (streptococcal,staphylococcal)
• Virus (adenovirus,mononucleosis) 
• Allergens( dust,mist,pollen,smokes)
• Alcohol
• Use Tobacco

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

• PHARYNGITIS WITH COLDS
• Sneezing
• Cough
• Low fever
• Mild Headache
• PHARYNGITIS WITH BACTERIAL INFECTION
• Enlarges Lymph Nodes in Neck and Armpit
• Headache
• Anorexia
• Swollen Spleen
• Swollen Tonsils
• Livers Inflammation
• Dysphagia
• Red and Edematous Pharynx with Exudates
• PHARYNGITIS WITH VIRAL INFECTION THROAT
• Coryza
• Body malaise and fatigue
• Hoarseness of voice
• Low-Grade fever

DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES

• Buccal swab for culture and sensitivity test
• To identify bacterial infection
• Complete blood count for increase with blood cell and its differentials

INCUBACTION PERIOD

• Acute pharyngitis is 72 hours
• Sub- Acute pharyngitis is 2-3 days
• Chronic pharyngitis is 7-10 days
• Recurrent pharyngitis is 1-2 weeks

TREATMENTS

• Saline gargle ( mouth wash if needed)
• Analgesics
• Antipyretics
• Removal of allergens
• Antibioties ( penicillin is drug of choice)
• Medication for it disappear by its own
• Getting enough rest
• Intake of fruits and vegetables rich in Vitamin-c 
• Gargle with Warm water with salt can help soothe a sore throat.
• Hydrate your body by increase fluids but not soft drinks and not too sweet juices
• Avoidance of  spicy, oily, too cold and too hot foods.
• Hospitalization if canot swallow fluids to provide IV

COMPLICATIONS

• Tuberculosis
• Liver cirrhosis
• Rheumatic heart disease
• Sinusitis
• Kidney inflammation
• Chronic tonsillitis with recurrent acute attack
• Cervical abscess
• Septicemia

PHARYNGOTONSILLITIS

• Is the inflammation of the pharynx and tonsils due to infectious ( Bacterial and Viral) and Non-Infectious( pollens,dust,mist,sand stroms) factors affecting it.
• It can be Acute,sub-acute, and chronic.